Study on Neck Shaft Angle And Femoral Length of South Indian Femurs.

Background: Femoral nek anteversion describes the angle subtended by the femoral neck with reference to the transcondylar plane of the distal end of the femur and is usually 15° to 45°. This along with the neck shaft angle, hip axis length, femoral neck width influence the risk of femoral neck fracture. Femoral neck anteversion angle has to be taken into consideration when reduction and fixation is selected as a method of treatment. Objectives: The objectives of present study to find out the measurements of Neck shaft angle, Femoral Length and Neck Length of femur. Materials and Methods: In present study have used 250 femurs from different colleges in south India. The following measurements were conducted Neck shaft angle, Femoral Length and Neck Length of femur. Results: The results of present study are the length of femur was 446.2+26.39mm, right femur was 446.6+26.66mm and left femur was 445.8+26.12mm, the Neck Length femur was 36.3+4.2mm, right femur was 36.1+4.1mm and left femur was 36.4+4.3m. the neck shaft angle of femur was 137.10 , right femur was 137.30 and left femur was 136.90. Conclusion: There is no significance difference between right and left femur measurements. Orthopaedists and Radiologists use the normal range and means of the neck shaft angle in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease of the hip. The angle is increased in congenital subluxation and dislocation of the hip, poliomyelitis, cerebral palsy and idiopathic scoliosis and decreased in the congenital coxavara , post traumatic coxa vara due to malunited femoral neck and inter trochanteric fractures.

Anthropometric Study of Femur In South India.

Background: Anthropometry provides scientific method and technique for taking various measurements in different geographic regions and races. The femur is the weight bearing typical long bone of lower limb which extends from the pelvis to the knee. The anatomical knowledge of different dimensions of femur specially head and neck of the femur is very essential in anthropological and medico-legal practice for sex determination and as well as to radiologists, rheumatologists and orthopaedic surgeons for diagnosis and planning of treatment. Objectives: The objectives of present study to find out the measurements of Platymeric index,Robusticity index and Foraminal index. Materials and Methods: In present study have used 250 femurs from different colleges in south India. The following measurements were conducted Platymeric index, Robusticity index and Foraminal index for both right and left femur. Results: The results of present study are the Physiological length of left femur was 44.15+2.35 and right was 43.98+2.15, the Rubusticity index of left femur was 15.26+1.17 and right was 14.34+1.21the Platymetric index of left femur was 85.70+6.35 and right was 86.32+6.15, the Foraminal index of left femur was between 37-65% and right was 35-62%. Conclusion: The present study shows that there is significance different in between right and left femurs measurements. The anatomical knowledge of different dimensions of femur is very essential in anthropological and medico-legal practice for sex determination and as well as to radiologists, rheumatologists and orthopedic surgeons for diagnosis and planning of treatment.

A clinical study of management of proximal humeral fractures in adults.

Background: Fractures of the proximal humerus are one of the commonest fractures encountered by an orthopaedician. The incidence of this fracture has significantly increased perhaps due to the increased vehicular traffic and mechanized life. The approach towards the management of these fractures types of fractures has changed during the course of period. Since the appropriate treatment and results associated with each modality of treatment for these fractures is not defined this study was undertaken. Methods: This longitudinal study was done on 150 cases of proximal humerus fractures which were managed by both conservative and surgically. Initial preoperative clinical and radiological assessment was done and appropriate mode of treatment of given depending upon type of fracture according Neer’s classification. Follow up of patient was done both clinically and radiologically at 2nd, 6th and 8th weeks and assessed for any complications. Final assessment was done according to Neer`s shoulder scoring criteria. Results: The 90 cases were treated conservatively and 60 surgically. Maximum follow up was 9 months and minimum 4 month with an average follow- up of 6.67 months. Our series showed excellent result in 70 cases (46.6%), satisfactory in 65 cases (43.3%) and fair in 15 cases (10%). Conclusion: Undisplaced fractures of the proximal humerus can be managed conservatively and non-displaced tuberosity fractures, if managed conservatively, give good results. Displaced two or three part fractures in young patients need anatomical reduction with internal fixation. Conservative treatment of four part fractures, four part fracture dislocation and anatomical neck fractures gives poor results and so primary hemiarthroplasty is indicated. There is direct relationship between displaced proximal humeral fractures between fracture severity i.e. greater displacement, communition, and crushing and the eventual results that is more than the initial insult, worse the prognosis. Rehabilitation is the key to success.